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Broadband Internet - Why purchase service online?
You've made the decision to purchase broadband internet access
for your home or office. What's your next step? Do you contact
your local provider directly and sign up? This is certainly and
option, but one that may not be in your best...
Cable or DSL Broadband?
I've been asked this question so many times I thought I'd put my
thoughts down here for you to read. Let's start by pointing out
a couple things first. First off, depending on where you live,
you may not have a choice of access. Satellite may be...
Understanding the Components of a Home Network
Home networks are becoming more common. If you have never heard network terminology device names like router, hub, etc may seem confusing. This article explains what makes up a home network.
Home networks are becoming more common. People want to...
Wireless Alphabet Soup: What's the Difference Anyway?
At this point, you might have read a few feature lists for
wireless cards, and you're about to ask a very common question:
what's the difference anyway? Well, answering that question
requires a brief rundown of the history of wireless...
xMax - Description
xMax is a recent innovation conceived by Florida-based xG Technology LLC. It piggybacks on radio signals to transmit wireless broadband data over long distances. Although it is not yet widely available, xMax will (in theory) be much cheaper...
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Some DSL Broadband definitions
Some DSL Broadband definitions,
Often too many people get confused with all the definitions, here we have explained in easy to understand terms.
ADSL:
Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line - asymmetric meaning it's faster downstream than upstream.
ASAM:
Advanced Services Access Manager -Whether you have a DSLAM or ASAM in your exchange doesn't really matter. They do the same thing. See DSLAM's as well.
ATM:
Asynchronous Transfer Mode - a method of encapsulation which is capable of many virtual circuits. With these, providers (ISP's) can split an ATM connection (155Mbit or 622Mbit) up into many connections. ATM isn't just used for DSL but in the case of DSL it's used to provision each customer.
Contention Ratios
A contention ratio is the number of users to xMbit of bandwidth. For example some providers offer 2Mbit DSL, with a ratio of 50:1, meaning 50 users to 1Mbit of bandwidth.
CPE
Customer Premises Equipment, the term that describes the equipment used on the customer end of a connection, for example your DSL modem/router, cable modem, black box on Wired Country etc.
DSL
Digital Subscriber Line.
DSLAM
Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer - They are placed in DSL enabled Telecomm exchanges, when your modem syncs up and the DSL light comes on, it means you are connected. When data travels down your connection, it goes from the CPE -> DSLAM -> RAN -> ISP
ERX
Edge Routing Exchange. See RAN.
IPNet
Telecommunications backhaul networks for carrying traffic from the customer to the ISP,
i.e. carrying traffic from RAN's to ISP's.
Ping or Latency
A ping measures the time in milliseconds that it takes for a packet to travel from your computer to a remote computer and back to you again. Just because you can't ping a given host, quite a lot of providers are beginning to filter ICMP (pings come under this protocol) traffic because it is commonly used to attack hosts and wastes a lot of bandwidth.
Many providers also give low priority to ping (ICMP) traffic which may mean your ping at a command line isn't very good, but in say a game, things may be fine.
RAN
Regional Access Node These aggregates many DSLAM's connections and then feed the data to an ISP
RTT
Round Trip Time - the time it takes in milliseconds for a packet to go from A to B and back again. See ping.
SDSL
Symmetrical Digital Subscriber Line - symmetrical meaning the same speed up and down.
Units
There is a major difference between UPPER and lowercase
MB = MegaBytes
Mb = Megabits
kB = KiloBytes
kb = Kilobits
MB/s = MegaBytes per second
Mb/s = Megabits per second
kB/s = KiloBytes per second
kb/s = Kilobits per second
There is 8bits to a Byte, 8kb = 1kB
1Meg connections only transfer at 128kB/sec.
or an 8Mb connection only transfers at 1024kB/sec or 1MB/s
About the author:
Steve owner and operator
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http://www.private-services.com 2005 - helping to keep you anonymous
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